Windows游戏之Direct3D精灵Sprite

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A+

精灵就是一个小图片或者是一组小图片的合集

可以用于显示静态图片，制作2D游戏的动画

精灵Sprite是一个非常重要的概念

下面看看怎么在Direct3D中使用精灵

先声明两个全局

LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 img = NULL;
LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj = NULL;

1 2	LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 img = NULL; LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj = NULL;

一个纹理，一个精灵

然后在Game_Init()中

创建精灵

加载纹理

D3DXCreateSprite(d3ddev, &spriteobj);
D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile("3.PNG", &info);
/*D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3ddev, "3.PNG", info.Width,info.Height, 1, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,D3DFMT_UNKNOWN, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), &info, NULL, &img);*/
D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(d3ddev, "3.PNG", &img);

D3DXCreateSprite(d3ddev, &spriteobj);

D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile("3.PNG", &info);

/*D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(d3ddev, "3.PNG", info.Width,info.Height, 1, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,D3DFMT_UNKNOWN, D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DX_DEFAULT, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), &info, NULL, &img);*/

D3DXCreateTextureFromFile(d3ddev, "3.PNG", &img);

HRESULT D3DXCreateSprite( _In_ LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice, _Out_ LPD3DXSPRITE *ppSprite ); //这两个参数就不解释了

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HRESULT D3DXCreateSprite(
 _In_ LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice,
 _Out_ LPD3DXSPRITE *ppSprite
);
//这两个参数就不解释了

HRESULT D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile( _In_ LPCSTR pSrcFile, _In_ D3DXIMAGE_INFO *pSrcInfo ); * pSrcFile 图片的路径 * pSrcInfo 一个为D3DXIMAGE_INFO的结构体

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HRESULT D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(
 _In_ LPCSTR pSrcFile,
 _In_ D3DXIMAGE_INFO *pSrcInfo
);
* pSrcFile 图片的路径
* pSrcInfo 一个为D3DXIMAGE_INFO的结构体

HRESULT D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx( _In_ LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice, _In_ LPCTSTR pSrcFile, _In_ UINT Width, _In_ UINT Height, _In_ UINT MipLevels, _In_ DWORD Usage, _In_ D3DFORMAT Format, _In_ D3DPOOL Pool, _In_ DWORD Filter, _In_ DWORD MipFilter, _In_ D3DCOLOR ColorKey, _Inout_ D3DXIMAGE_INFO *pSrcInfo, _Out_ PALETTEENTRY *pPalette, _Out_ LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 *ppTexture ); pDevice [in] Type: LPDIRECT D3D设备指针 pSrcFile [in] Type: LPCTSTR 图片的路径 Width [in] Type: UINT 宽度的像素。如果设为0或D3DX_DEFAULT, 则就是文件的规模并且变为2的倍数. 如果设备支持不为2的倍数的像素纹理并且制定D3DX_DEFAULT_NONPOW2，则不会改变。 Height[in] Type: UINT 高度的像素，和宽度的一样。 MipLevels [in] Type: UINT Number of mip levels requested. If this value is zero or D3DX_DEFAULT, a complete mipmap chain is created. 如果是D3DX_FROM_FILE，则大小会很精确，但是在违反设备能力的时候会报错。 Usage [in] Type: DWORD Setting this flag to D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET indicates that the surface is to be used as a render target. The resource can then be passed to the pNewRenderTarget parameter of the href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb174455(v=vs.85).aspx">SetRenderTargetmethod. If either D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET or D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC is specified, Pool must be set to D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, and the application should check that the device supports this operation by calling CheckDeviceFormat. D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC indicates that the surface should be handled dynamically. See Using Dynamic Textures. Format [in] Type: D3DFORMAT 枚举类型，描述纹理的像素格式。 Pool [in] Type: D3DPOOL D3DPOOL枚举类型，描述图片存放的内存。 Filter [in] Type: DWORD 组合一个或多个D3DX_FILTER指定图片应该怎么样过滤，指定为 D3DX_DEFAULT 等于指定为 D3DX_FILTER_TRIANGLE | D3DX_FILTER_DITHER. MipFilter [in] Type: DWORD 组合一个或多个D3DX_FILTER指定图片应该怎么样过滤，指定为D3DX_DEFAULT等于指定为D3DX_FILTER_BOX. ColorKey [in] Type: D3DCOLOR 指定颜色替换成透明 pSrcInfo [in, out] Type: D3DXIMAGE_INFO* 图片信息的结构体 pPalette [out] Type: PALETTEENTRY* 指向PALETTEENTRY结构体，代表256种颜色调色板去填充，或者为NULL ppTexture [out] Type: LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9* 纹理接口的指针

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HRESULT D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(
 _In_ LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDevice,
 _In_ LPCTSTR pSrcFile,
 _In_ UINT Width,
 _In_ UINT Height,
 _In_ UINT MipLevels,
 _In_ DWORD Usage,
 _In_ D3DFORMAT Format,
 _In_ D3DPOOL Pool,
 _In_ DWORD Filter,
 _In_ DWORD MipFilter,
 _In_ D3DCOLOR ColorKey,
 _Inout_ D3DXIMAGE_INFO *pSrcInfo,
 _Out_ PALETTEENTRY *pPalette,
 _Out_ LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 *ppTexture
);
pDevice [in]
Type: LPDIRECT
D3D设备指针

pSrcFile [in]
Type: LPCTSTR
图片的路径

Width [in]
Type: UINT
宽度的像素。如果设为0或D3DX_DEFAULT, 则就是文件的规模并且变为2的倍数. 如果设备支持不为2的倍数的像素纹理并且制定D3DX_DEFAULT_NONPOW2，则不会改变。

Height[in]
Type: UINT
高度的像素，和宽度的一样。

MipLevels [in]
Type: UINT
Number of mip levels requested. If this value is zero or D3DX_DEFAULT, a complete mipmap chain is created. 如果是D3DX_FROM_FILE，则大小会很精确，但是在违反设备能力的时候会报错。

Usage [in]
Type: DWORD
Setting this flag to D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET indicates that the surface is to be used as a render target. The resource can then be passed to the pNewRenderTarget parameter of the href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb174455(v=vs.85).aspx">SetRenderTargetmethod. If either D3DUSAGE_RENDERTARGET or D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC is specified, Pool must be set to D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, and the application should check that the device supports this operation by calling CheckDeviceFormat. D3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC indicates that the surface should be handled dynamically. See Using Dynamic Textures.

Format [in]
Type: D3DFORMAT
枚举类型，描述纹理的像素格式。

Pool [in]
Type: D3DPOOL
D3DPOOL枚举类型，描述图片存放的内存。

Filter [in]
Type: DWORD
组合一个或多个D3DX_FILTER指定图片应该怎么样过滤，指定为 D3DX_DEFAULT 等于指定为 D3DX_FILTER_TRIANGLE | D3DX_FILTER_DITHER.

MipFilter [in]
Type: DWORD
组合一个或多个D3DX_FILTER指定图片应该怎么样过滤，指定为D3DX_DEFAULT等于指定为D3DX_FILTER_BOX.

ColorKey [in]
Type: D3DCOLOR
指定颜色替换成透明

pSrcInfo [in, out]
Type: D3DXIMAGE_INFO*
图片信息的结构体

pPalette [out]
Type: PALETTEENTRY*
指向PALETTEENTRY结构体，代表256种颜色调色板去填充，或者为NULL

ppTexture [out]
Type: LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9*
纹理接口的指针

最后在Game_Run()中显示出来

代码如下：

//spriteobj->Draw(img, NULL, NULL, &D3DXVECTOR3(200,300,0), D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));
spriteobj->Draw(img, NULL, NULL, NULL, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));
spriteobj->End();

//spriteobj->Draw(img, NULL, NULL, &D3DXVECTOR3(200,300,0), D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));

spriteobj->Draw(img, NULL, NULL, NULL, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255));

spriteobj->End();

HRESULT Begin( DWORD Flags)

Flags是必须的参数，一般为D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND

表示绘制精灵支持透明

HRESULT Draw(

LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 pTexture,

CONST RECT *pSrcRect,

CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pCenter,

CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pPosition,

D3DCOKOR Color );

pTexture 指向图片纹理的指针

pSrcRect 制定原图像的指定矩形局域，NULL为整张纹理

pCenter 旋转的中心点

pPosition 在屏幕的位置

Color 色彩变更

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